Insulation in Roseville, MN
Crawl space encapsulation and vapor barrier work in Roseville is driven by one thing: homes built in the 1950s and 1960s with open dirt or thin-poly crawl spaces that trap moisture all summer and freeze all winter. We fix that with sealed 12-mil vapor barriers, taped seams, and rim joist insulation that stops the cycle of damp air, cold floors, and musty smells these ramblers are known for. Call (855) 657-3403 and a live person answers, any hour.
Why Roseville Homes Are Different
Roseville developed almost entirely as a first-ring Twin Cities suburb during the 1950s and 1960s. That left the residential core packed with ranch and rambler-style homes whose large, low-pitched attics were originally insulated to only R-7 to R-11. Minnesota’s current Climate Zone 6 code target is R-49 to R-60. The gap between those two numbers is the single biggest reason we are in Roseville attics week after week.
The rambler footprint matters more here than people realize. A rambler’s attic floor is the size of the entire living area, so one uninsulated pull-down attic stair or hatch becomes a concentrated heat leak across a huge surface. On nights that hit -15°F or -20°F, that leak melts rooftop snow, the meltwater hits the cold eave, and ice dams form. Many Roseville jobs begin as “we have a leak” calls before the homeowner knows insulation is the root cause.
Split-levels from the same era have their own pattern: the mid-level over a cold garage or crawl loses heat through unsealed top-plate chases and band joists. That is why a home energy audit is often the smartest first step in Roseville. It shows exactly where the heat is going before anyone spends a dollar on material.
Our Main Roseville Services
Roseville homeowners call us about two things more than anything else: under-insulated attics and the moisture problems underneath their floors. Here are the two services that lead in this market.
Attic Insulation in Roseville
Blown-in attic upgrades are the defining job category in Roseville because most ramblers still carry their original settled fiberglass batts. We remove or top up that old material, air seal the attic floor, and bring the assembly to R-49 or better. On a 1950s rambler, the attic floor is the entire ceiling plane, so this one upgrade changes the comfort of every room. Attic Insulation in Roseville covers the full process, local pricing, and what to expect on install day.
What happens when you call
- 1
A real person answersNo phone trees - you reach a local pro.
- 2
You get an upfront price rangeHonest numbers before anyone is dispatched.
- 3
A background-checked tech heads outLicensed & insured, dispatched right away.
- 4
You approve before work beginsNothing starts until you say go.
Crawl Space Encapsulation & Vapor Barrier in Roseville
Crawl space encapsulation in Roseville solves a problem these 1950s and 1960s homes were built with: open or lightly covered dirt floors that pull groundwater moisture into the house all summer, then freeze the floor assembly all winter. The large rambler footprint means the crawl space can run the full width of the home, so damp air rises through every floor register and cold spot. We install a sealed 12-mil vapor barrier, insulate the rim joist, and condition the space so the stack effect stops pulling soil gas and moisture through the living areas. This is the full-spectrum fix we detail on our Crawl Space Encapsulation & Vapor Barrier hub page, and in Roseville it is the difference between a musty house and a stable one.
Crawl Space Vapor Barrier
Signs you need it
Musty odor in the living room, elevated summer humidity, or rust on the furnace and ductwork are the classic Roseville indicators of missing or degraded vapor barrier.
What it costs in Roseville
Vapor barrier installation in Roseville generally runs $1,200 to $3,200 depending on square footage, access height, and whether the old poly must be removed first.
How we do it
We clear the floor, run 12-mil reinforced poly up the stem walls, tape every seam and pier penetration, and mechanically fasten the barrier at the perimeter.
Crawl Space Insulation
Signs you need it
Cold floors above the crawl, frozen pipes in January, or a furnace that runs constantly are direct signs the rim joist and crawl walls are uninsulated.
What it costs in Roseville
Crawl space insulation in Roseville typically falls between $1,500 and $4,000 for rim joist, wall, and subfloor coverage on an average rambler.
How we do it
We seal the rim joist with closed-cell spray foam or rigid board, then insulate crawl walls with Rockwool or foam to bring the space into line with the rest of the home.
What Crawl Space Encapsulation & Vapor Barrier Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Vapor barrier only | $1,200 - $3,200 |
| Full encapsulation | $4,000 - $9,000 |
| Crawl space insulation | $1,500 - $4,000 |
| Moisture control with sump | $2,500 - $6,500 |
Is crawl space encapsulation worth it in Roseville?
Yes, on most 1950s and 1960s ramblers. These homes have crawl spaces that directly affect main-floor humidity, odor, and floor temperature. Sealing the space stops the stack effect that drags soil moisture through the living areas year-round.
How long does crawl space encapsulation take in Roseville?
Most Roseville crawl spaces are done in one to two days. Access height on older ramblers can add time, but we complete the majority of encapsulation jobs in a single visit.
Spray Foam Insulation in Roseville
Spray foam insulation in Roseville earns its keep on the coldest nights of the year, when -20°F air finds every gap in a 1960s split-level’s rim joist and the furnace cannot recover. Closed-cell foam expands to seal those gaps while adding structural rigidity and a vapor barrier in one pass. For Roseville’s ramblers and split-levels, the rim joist and attic roof deck are the two highest-impact spots, and our Spray Foam Insulation hub explains how open-cell and closed-cell differ in Minnesota conditions.
Rim Joist Spray Foam
Signs you need it
Cold floors at the perimeter of the house, drafty basement rim areas, or ice forming on the inside of the rim joist in winter are direct signs the band joist is leaking air.
What it costs in Roseville
Rim joist spray foam in Roseville typically costs $1,500 to $3,200 for an average rambler’s full perimeter.
How we do it
We mask the work area, spray a continuous closed-cell band across the rim joist to R-20 or better, and leave the basement or crawl noticeably warmer the same day.
Attic Roof Deck Spray Foam
Signs you need it
Ice dams, attic temperatures over 130°F in summer, or rooms that never hold temperature indicate the roofline needs an unvented foam seal.
What it costs in Roseville
Roof deck spray foam in Roseville runs $4,000 to $8,500 for a typical rambler’s low-pitched attic, depending on depth and square footage.
How we do it
We spray a continuous layer of closed-cell foam to the underside of the roof sheathing, turning the attic into conditioned space and eliminating ice dam melt.
What Spray Foam Insulation Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Rim joist foam | $1,500 - $3,200 |
| Attic roof deck foam | $4,000 - $8,500 |
| Garage ceiling foam | $1,800 - $3,800 |
Is spray foam safe in a 1960s Roseville home?
Yes, when installed by trained technicians with proper ventilation and cure times. We follow manufacturer protocols for Demilec and Icynene products, and we keep homeowners out of the work area during application and curing.
Will closed-cell foam stop my ice dams in Roseville?
Most of the time, yes. Ice dams on ramblers come from warm air leaking into the attic. Closed-cell foam on the roof deck air seals and insulates in one pass, which removes the melt condition at the eave.
Blown-In Insulation in Roseville
Blown-in insulation in Roseville is the defining retrofit for a market full of ramblers insulated to R-7 or R-11 when they were built. The attic footprint on a 1950s rambler equals the entire living area, so the thermal penalty of degraded original batts shows up in every room. We blow cellulose or fiberglass to R-49 or better and air seal the attic floor first, which is the combination that actually stops the ice dam cycle. Our Blown-In Insulation hub page details the material and depth decisions for Minnesota attics.
Blown-In Cellulose
Signs you need it
Visible joist tops in the attic, uneven snow melt on the roof, or heating bills that climb every winter are all signs the existing attic blanket is too thin.
What it costs in Roseville
Blown-in cellulose for a Roseville rambler attic typically costs $2,000 to $5,000 for full R-49 depth including air sealing.
How we do it
We seal the attic floor penetrations, blow cellulose to the code depth with a calibrated machine, and leave a depth marker so the homeowner can verify coverage.
Blown-In Top-Up
Signs you need it
If your attic already has some fiberglass but it has settled below the joist tops, or if rooms still feel drafty after a retrofit, a top-up is usually the fast fix.
What it costs in Roseville
A blown-in top-up in Roseville runs $1,200 to $2,800 for most attics when existing material is in acceptable condition.
How we do it
We verify the existing material is dry and clean, then blow fresh insulation over the top to bring total depth to R-49 or R-60, no removal required.
What Blown-In Insulation Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Remove old + blow R-49 | $3,500 - $7,000 |
| Blown-in top-up | $1,200 - $2,800 |
| Full attic air seal + blow | $2,000 - $5,000 |
Which is better in Roseville: cellulose or fiberglass?
Both hit the R-value target, but cellulose resists air movement better and is our default for ramblers because it slows the stack effect through the attic floor. Fiberglass is lighter and often preferred for ceiling cavities that cannot take the weight.
Can you blow insulation into a finished 1960s attic spaces?
If the attic has knee walls or finished areas, we typically use dense-pack techniques behind the finished surfaces and blow loose fill over the unfinished sections. Each Roseville split-level is assessed before the quote.
Radiant Barrier Installation in Roseville
Radiant barrier in Roseville makes the most sense in July, when a low-pitched rambler attic with R-11 batts turns into an oven and the air conditioner runs nonstop. A foil radiant barrier stapled to the underside of the roof deck reflects radiant heat before it ever reaches the insulation. It works as a complement to blown-in insulation, not a replacement, and on Roseville’s low-slope roofs it cuts attic temperatures enough to matter. See Radiant Barrier Installation for the full material and install explanation.
Attic Radiant Barrier
Signs you need it
Attic temperatures above 130°F, a second-floor or main bedroom that never cools, or an AC unit that short-cycles on hot afternoons are the classic signs.
What it costs in Roseville
Attic radiant barrier in Roseville typically costs $1,800 to $3,800 for a standard rambler’s roof deck.
How we do it
We staple a reinforced foil barrier to the underside of the roof deck with an air gap on one side, leaving the ridge and soffit vents open.
Radiant Barrier & Ventilation
Signs you need it
If attic heat is high and your soffit or ridge vents are blocked, old, or undersized, a foil barrier alone will not fix the problem; ventilation must be addressed with it.
What it costs in Roseville
Radiant barrier plus ventilation upgrades in Roseville run $2,500 to $5,500 when adding baffles and a ridge vent.
How we do it
We first clear or add soffit baffles, then install the barrier and confirm airflow with a visual and thermal check before cleanup.
What Radiant Barrier Installation Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Attic foil barrier | $1,800 - $3,800 |
| Barrier + ventilation | $2,500 - $5,500 |
| Roof deck foil | $2,200 - $4,200 |
Does radiant barrier help in a Minnesota winter?
Its main benefit is summer heat rejection. In winter it adds a small reflective benefit to the attic, but real cold-weather savings come from air sealing and R-49 insulation, not the foil alone.
Can radiant barrier be added over existing insulation in Roseville?
Yes. Radiant barrier goes on the roof deck, not over insulation, so existing attic insulation stays in place. We install it above the insulation plane, which is why it pairs well with a blown-in upgrade.
Insulation Removal & Replacement in Roseville
Insulation removal and replacement in Roseville is the right call when the original 1950s or 1960s fiberglass has been soaked by ice dam leaks, chewed through by rodents, or saturated with decades of dust and insulation debris. On these ramblers the attic is the whole ceiling plane, so contaminated material is not something to bury under new insulation. We vacuum out the old, sanitize the deck, and blow in fresh material at full depth. The full process is on our Insulation Removal & Replacement hub page.
Attic Insulation Removal
Signs you need it
Water stains around recessed lights, matted or compressed fiberglass, or dust blowing from ceiling registers are all signs the old attic insulation has failed.
What it costs in Roseville
Attic insulation removal in Roseville generally runs $1,800 to $4,000 for a full rambler attic, before new material.
How we do it
We run a commercial vacuum line from the attic to a sealed truck, remove material down to the deck, and leave the space ready for air sealing and new insulation.
Contaminated Insulation Removal
Signs you need it
Rodent droppings in the attic, a history of bats or squirrels, or visible mold on the insulation surface require full removal rather than cover-up.
What it costs in Roseville
Contaminated insulation removal in Roseville costs $2,500 to $6,000 depending on the extent of damage and whether sanitizing is needed.
How we do it
Our background-checked technicians wear respirators, bag and remove contaminated material, then sanitize the deck and seal entry points before new insulation goes in.
What Insulation Removal & Replacement Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Attic removal | $1,800 - $4,000 |
| Contaminated removal | $2,500 - $6,000 |
| Vermiculite removal | $4,000 - $9,000 |
| Removal + new R-49 | $3,500 - $7,000 |
Do I need to remove old insulation before adding new in Roseville?
Not always. If the old material is dry, clean, and not compressed by moisture, a top-up can work. If there has been water, rodents, or mold, removal is the only responsible option, and that is when we recommend it.
Is vermiculite removal common in Roseville?
Yes, some 1950s and 1960s Roseville homes have vermiculite attic insulation. If vermiculite is suspected, we bring specialized protocols and equipment for safe removal and disposal.
Attic Air Sealing in Roseville
Attic air sealing in Roseville is the highest-value first step on any rambler because the entire ceiling is the attic floor and one unsealed hatch creates a thermal chimney. Pull-down attic stairs, uninsulated hatches, and open top-plate chases are nearly universal on these 1950s and 1960s homes, and they are the exact bypasses that trigger ice damming along the rear eave. We seal every penetration before insulation goes in, which is why our jobs outperform a blow-over. See Attic Air Sealing for the full list of what we seal and why order matters.
Attic Hatch Sealing
Signs you need it
A visible gap around the attic hatch, a cold spot in the hallway below it, or frost on the hatch frame in winter are direct signs it is leaking conditioned air.
What it costs in Roseville
Attic hatch air sealing in Roseville typically costs $300 to $800 including an insulated cover and weatherstripping.
How we do it
We seal the hatch perimeter with gasketing, build or install an insulated cover, and verify the fit with a smoke pencil at the end of the job.
Top Plate & Penetration Sealing
Signs you need it
Dirty insulation around plumbing vents, visible daylight at the top plate, or rooms that never stop feeling drafty all point to open top-plate chases.
What it costs in Roseville
Top plate and penetration air sealing in Roseville runs $600 to $1,500 on an average rambler attic.
How we do it
We pull back existing insulation, foam or caulk every wire and pipe penetration at the top plate, and seal around recessed can lights with fire-rated covers.
What Attic Air Sealing Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Attic hatch sealing | $300 - $800 |
| Top plate sealing | $600 - $1,500 |
| Can light covers | $200 - $600 |
| Full attic air seal | $1,200 - $2,800 |
Why do ice dams keep coming back on my Roseville rambler?
Because the air leaks were never sealed. Adding insulation over an unsealed attic floor slows heat loss but does not stop it. Air sealing the bypasses is the step that breaks the melt-and-refreeze cycle at the eave.
Can you air seal my attic without removing all the insulation?
Yes. We push existing insulation aside at each penetration, seal the gap, and put the insulation back. In attics with heavy contamination, we may recommend removal first for access and indoor air quality.
Wall Insulation in Roseville
Wall insulation in Roseville is a retrofit question on most 1950s and 1960s ramblers because their original 2×4 walls often contained thin batts or nothing at all. Exterior walls lose less heat than attics but still account for a significant share of the comfort gap on these homes, especially on the north and west faces that catch winter wind. We drill and fill uninsulated cavities with dense-pack cellulose or injection foam, then patch to match. Our Wall Insulation hub page walks through the material and method choices.
Drill & Fill Wall Insulation
Signs you need it
Cold exterior walls in winter, rooms that lose heat fast after the furnace cycles off, or high bills despite a good attic are common signs the wall cavities are empty.
What it costs in Roseville
Drill-and-fill wall insulation in Roseville typically runs $2,500 to $6,500 for the exterior walls of an average rambler.
How we do it
We drill small access holes through siding or drywall, dense-pack the cavities from a calibrated machine, and patch each hole flush.
Injection Foam Wall Insulation
Signs you need it
If walls have settled batts or partial cavities, or if drafty walls persist after a cellulose fill, injection foam is often the next step because it expands into gaps.
What it costs in Roseville
Injection foam wall insulation in Roseville costs $3,500 to $8,000 depending on wall area and accessibility.
How we do it
We inject slow-rise foam into the wall cavity through small ports, allowing it to expand and air seal the entire cavity before the ports are patched.
What Wall Insulation Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Drill & fill cellulose | $2,500 - $6,500 |
| Injection foam | $3,500 - $8,000 |
| Interior soundproofing | $1,800 - $4,500 |
Do 1960s split-levels in Roseville have wall insulation?
Some do, but it is often thin or has settled over 60 years. Split-levels with exposed band joists and cold mid-level floors are prime candidates for wall and rim work together.
Will wall insulation alone fix my high bills in Roseville?
Usually not alone. The attic is the biggest loss surface in this climate. Wall insulation helps, but the best result comes from a blower door test that shows where air is actually leaking, then sealing and insulating in that order.
Attic Cleaning & Rodent Proofing in Roseville
Attic cleaning and rodent proofing in Roseville is the unglamorous foundation of every insulation job on these older ramblers. Squirrels and mice have had 60 years to find their way in, and the large rambler attic gives them plenty of room to nest and chew. We remove contaminated insulation, sanitize the deck, seal entry points, and leave the space ready for clean new insulation. The full process is on our Attic Cleaning & Rodent Proofing hub page.
Attic Cleanout
Signs you need it
Visible droppings, old rodent nests, chewed wiring jackets, or insulation that has been matted down by animal traffic are the signs we look for.
What it costs in Roseville
Attic cleanout in Roseville generally runs $1,500 to $3,500 for a typical rambler, depending on how much material must be bagged and removed.
How we do it
Our technicians remove debris and contaminated insulation by hand and vacuum, bag everything for disposal, and prep the attic floor for sanitizing.
Rodent Proofing & Exclusion
Signs you need it
Scratching sounds at night, droppings near the attic hatch, or daylight visible at soffit gaps indicate animals are still getting in.
What it costs in Roseville
Rodent proofing and exclusion in Roseville costs $800 to $2,500 for sealing typical entry points on a 1950s or 1960s home.
How we do it
We find every entry, seal them with steel mesh and foam, and verify the attic is clear before new insulation goes in.
What Attic Cleaning & Rodent Proofing Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Attic cleanout | $1,500 - $3,500 |
| Sanitizing & decon | $800 - $2,000 |
| Rodent exclusion | $800 - $2,500 |
| Full restoration | $3,000 - $7,000 |
Can you insulate my Roseville attic if there have been mice?
Not until the attic is clean and the entries are sealed. New insulation over rodent droppings and chewed material is a health issue and will be recontaminated. We clean first, exclude second, insulate third.
How do animals get into a Roseville rambler attic?
Mostly through soffit gaps, roof returns, and openings at the top plate that were never sealed when the home was built. On these older homes the wood has also shifted, creating gaps that did not exist originally.
Home Energy Audit in Roseville
A home energy audit in Roseville is the diagnostic start that makes every other insulation dollar smarter. On a 1950s or 1960s rambler, the heat loss is rarely where the homeowner assumes, because the attic hatch, the open top plates, and the unsealed rim joist all leak at once. We bring a blower door, thermal camera, and combustion safety tools for a full picture. That report becomes the map for the retrofit, and it is the reason we open so many Roseville jobs with a test rather than a guess. The full breakdown is on our Home Energy Audit hub page.
Blower Door Test
Signs you need it
High bills, drafts that move curtains, or a home that smells musty in summer are all reasons to find out exactly how leaky the building envelope is.
What it costs in Roseville
A blower door test in Roseville typically costs $275 to $550 as part of a full energy audit.
How we do it
We mount the fan in an exterior door, depressurize the house, and walk the home with a smoke pencil and thermal camera to find every air leak.
Thermal Imaging Inspection
Signs you need it
Rooms that never match the thermostat temperature, cold walls, or spots where frost forms on the inside are exactly what a thermal camera reveals.
What it costs in Roseville
Thermal imaging inspection in Roseville is typically included with a full audit, which runs $350 to $750 total.
How we do it
We scan the ceiling, walls, and rim joist with the thermal camera while the blower door is running, then mark every thermal bypass for the insulation crew.
What Home Energy Audit Costs in Roseville
| Item | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Full energy audit | $350 - $750 |
| Blower door only | $275 - $550 |
| Duct leakage test | $200 - $450 |
Is an energy audit required before insulating in Roseville?
No. But on ramblers with multiple symptoms, it prevents spending money on the wrong fix. Most Roseville homeowners who skip the audit later find the ice dams or cold floors were caused by a bypass the insulation did not address.
How long does a home energy audit take in Roseville?
Ninety minutes to two hours for a typical rambler or split-level. You get the report the same visit, with a clear list of where air and heat are moving through the building envelope.
Brands We Service in Roseville
We install and service insulation from Johns Manville, Knauf, Rockwool, and CertainTeed, and we keep common parts for those systems stocked on the trucks that serve Roseville. That means most repairs and top-ups happen in one visit without waiting for material. Our brands page lists the full partner line.
Pricing for Insulation in Roseville, MN
| Service | Typical range in Roseville |
|---|---|
| Crawl space vapor barrier | $1,200 - $3,200 |
| Full crawl space encapsulation | $4,000 - $9,000 |
| Rim joist spray foam | $1,500 - $3,200 |
| Attic roof deck foam | $4,000 - $8,500 |
| Blown-in full R-49 attic | $2,000 - $5,000 |
| Radiant barrier attic foil | $1,800 - $3,800 |
| Attic insulation removal | $1,800 - $4,000 |
| Full attic air sealing | $1,200 - $2,800 |
| Drill & fill wall insulation | $2,500 - $6,500 |
| Home energy audit | $350 - $750 |
In Roseville, prices push toward the higher end when attic access is confined, crawl spaces are short, or contaminated material must be removed before new work. Every quote is line-itemed up front, and the price we give you is the price you pay. Most jobs are completed in a single visit, and all work is backed by our 90-Day Done Right Promise.
Neighborhoods We Serve in Roseville
We serve the full residential grid of Roseville, from the original 1950s tracts north of County Road B to the split-level neighborhoods east of Lexington Avenue and the rambler blocks near Central Park. Our crews move between these areas daily, so a same-day or next-day response is common even in peak season.
- Roseville Heights
- Central Park area
- Lexington-Hamline corridor
- Lake McCarrons neighborhoods
- South Roseville near County Road C
Service Area - Cities Near Roseville
Our Roseville crews also cover nearby first-ring suburbs where the housing stock and ice dam patterns are nearly identical. We serve Minneapolis, MN, Edina, MN, Richfield, MN, and Golden Valley, MN with the same local technicians and same 90-Day Done Right Promise.
Serving Roseville, MN - Our Local Coverage Area
We’re based in the Roseville area and know this community well. Use the map below to see our service coverage - if you’re nearby, we can almost certainly help.
FAQs About Insulation in Roseville
Most Roseville calls get a same-day or next-day visit. Because our dispatch and scheduling are coordinated from our Minneapolis-St Paul office and crews work the Roseville area daily, we can often diagnose and quote the same day, with work completed within the week.
Most insulation retrofit work in Roseville does not require a building permit, but some projects involving structural access or significant envelope changes may. We confirm the permitting requirements for the specific scope before the job starts and handle the process if needed.
Yes. Every estimate is free, line-itemed, and upfront. Call (855) 657-3403 and a live person answers 24/7, or we can schedule a walk-through at the home. The quoted price does not change, and the 90-Day Done Right Promise stands on every job.
Call (855) 657-3403 for a free estimate, or to ask Neil Ashford and the Warmline Insulation Co. team any question about your Roseville home’s insulation. A live person answers, day or
What happens when you call
- 1A real person answersNo phone trees - talk to a local insulation pro.
- 2You get an upfront price rangeHonest numbers before anyone is dispatched. No surprises.
- 3A background-checked tech heads outLicensed & insured, typically within 60-minute.
- 4You approve before work beginsNothing starts until you say go.
What Roseville Customers Say
"Solid work on the spray foam in the rim joists and the garage ceiling. Scheduling slipped a day because of rain, which they called about ahead of time. Would use them again."
- Tom Reinholt"Crawl space smelled musty and the floors were cold. Full encapsulation with the thick liner taped at every seam, and a dehumidifier sized for the space. The hygrometer they left reads 48 percent now instead of the 70s."
- Elena Vasquez"The estimate had every line itemized - removal, sealing, baffles, the blown-in by the bag - and the final invoice matched it exactly. Two other companies quoted a single number and could not tell me what R-value they were installing."
- Priya Raman